Common Specifications
Material	Crystalline Quartz
Retardance Accuracy (Typ.)	<λ/300
Beam Deviation	<10 arcsec
Surface Quality	20-10 Scratch-Dig
Reflectance (per Surface)	<0.25%

Features

Air-Spaced Design for High Damage Threshold
Center Wavelengths from 266 nm to 2020 nm
Quarter- and Half-Wave Plates Available
AR Coated on Front and Back Surfaces
Ø1/2" and Ø1" Wave Plate Options
OEM Pricing Available Upon Request

Thorlabs' Zero-Order Wave Plates are built by combining two Multi-Order Crystalline Quartz Wave Plates with an optical path length difference of λ/4 or λ/2. By aligning the fast axis of one plate with the slow axis of the other, the net result is a compound retarder whose exact retardance is the difference between each plate's individual retardance. Compound zero-order wave plates offer a lower dependence on temperature and wavelength than multi-order wave plates (see Specs tab for more information). Each wave plate is available as a Ø1/2" optic mounted in a Ø1" unthreaded housing or Ø1" optic mounted in an engraved SM1-threaded (1.035"-40) lens tube (see below for more details).

These zero-order wave plates are constructed by placing an etched stainless steel spacing ring between the two multi-order wave plates and epoxying the three pieces together (the adhesive is only applied outside of the clear aperture of the wave plate). The wave plate is then mounted in an anodized aluminum housing. The housing is engraved with a line indicating the orientation of the fast axis of the wave plate, text stating it is zero order, whether it is a λ/4 or λ/2 wave plate, and the wavelength for which the wave plate was designed.

Retardance and reflection plots are given on the Graphs tab. Please click on the product links for data and graphs showing lens performance versus wavelength.

Mounting Options

The wave plates are available in two sizes. The Ø1/2" version wave plates have an OD of 12.7 ± 0.1 mm, a mounted diameter of 25.4 mm (1"), and thickness of 11.7 mm (0.23") . The Ø1" version wave plates have an OD of 25.4 ± 0.1 mm, a mounted diameter of 30.48 mm (1.20"), and a thickness of 12.7 mm (1/2"). The Ø1" models have both an internal and external SM1 thread and can be connected to our SM1-threaded products, including rotation mounts. With a Ø1" housing, the Ø1/2" models are also compatible with our SM1-threaded products but require an SM1 retaining ring for secure mounting.

The wave plates are easily removed from their mounts for use in custom or OEM applications (see the Specs tab for the unmounted wave plate thickness). The unmounted wave plates have a small flat to indicate the polarization axis (see image on the right). For further information on using and selecting a wave plate, please see our Selection Guide tab or contact Technical Support.

Wave Plate Selection Guide
Achromatic	Quartz Zero-Order	Economy LCP Zero-Order	Multi-Order	Dual Wavelength	Telecom	Polarization Optics

Choosing a Wave Plate

Thorlabs offers achromatic, zero-order (both unmounted wave plates and mounted wave plates) and multi-order wave plates (single wavelength and dual wavelength) with either λ/4 or λ/2 phase shift.

While our Achromatic Wave Plates provide phase retardance over a large spectral range, zero-order and multi-order wave plates provide a phase shift that is wavelength dependent. Our achromatic wave plates are available with four AR coatings: 260-410 nm, 400-800 nm, 690-1200 nm, and 1100-2000 nm.

Round Zero-Order Wave Plate Comparison
Material	Quartz	LCP
Sizes	Ø1/2" and Ø1"	Ø1"
Mounted	yes	no
Retardances Available	1/4 λ and 1/2 λ	1/4 λ
Retardance Accuracy	<λ/300	<λ/100
Surface Quality	20-10 Scratch-Dig	60-40 Scratch-Dig
Coating	V Coat	Broadband AR
Coating Reflectance (per Surface)	0.25%	0.5% Average Over Specified Coating Range

Zero-order waveplates are designed such that the phase shift created is exactly one quarter or one half of a wave. They offer substantially lower dependence on temperature and wavelength than multi-order wave plates. Our Zero-Order Quartz Wave Plates are composed of two wave plates stacked together with the fast axis of one aligned to the slow axis of the other to achieve zero-order performance. Thorlabs' zero-order wave plates are available for a number of discrete wavelengths ranging from 266 nm to 2020 nm. Our Economy Zero-Order Quarter-Wave Plates consist of a thin layer of liquid crystal polymer retarding material sandwiched between two glass plates and are available at discrete wavelengths between 405 nm and 1053 nm. Our quartz zero-order wave plates provide better retardance accuracy and lower reflectance (see table), while our LCP zero-order wave plates produce a smaller decrease in retardance at larger AOIs. In addition, Thorlabs also offers unmounted true Zero-Order Telecom Wave Plates for WDM applications.

Multi-Order Wave Plates are made such that the retardance of a light path will undergo a certain number of full wavelength shifts (also referred to as the order, or m) in addition to the fractional design retardance. Compared to their zero-order counterparts, the retardance of multi-order wave plates is more sensitive to wavelength and temperature changes. Multi-order wave plates are, however, a more economical solution for many applications where increased sensitivities are not an issue. Our multi-order wave plates are available for a number of discrete wavelengths ranging from 266 nm to 1550 nm. Thorlabs also offers Dual-Wavelength Multi-Order Wave Plates designed for use at both 532 nm and 1064 nm.

Operating Principle of Wave Plates

Optical wave plates are constructed from birefringent material that introduces a phase difference between the fast and slow principal axes of the wave plate. The birefringent properties of the material create a difference in refractive index between the two axes. This in return creates a difference in the velocity between the two orthogonal components. The fast principal axis of the wave plate has a lower refractive index resulting in faster wave velocity. The slow axis has a higher refractive index, resulting in slower velocity. The actual phase shift created depends on the properties of the material, the thickness of the wave plate and the wavelength of the signal, and can be described as:

where n₁ is the refractive index of the principal plane, n₂ is the refractive index of the orthogonal plane, and d is the thickness of the wave plate.

Using a Wave Plate

Wave plates are typically available as λ/4 or λ/2 meaning a phase shift of quarter of a wavelength or half a wavelength (respectively) is created.

Half-Wave

As described above, a wave plate has two principal axes: fast and slow. Each axis has a different refractive index and, therefore, a different wave velocity. When a linearly polarized beam is incident on a half-wave plate, and the polarization of this beam does not coincide with one of these axes, the output polarization will be linear and rotated with respect to the polarization of the input beam (see image at left). When applying a circularly polarized beam, a clockwise (counterclockwise) circular polarization will transform into a counter-clockwise (clockwise) circular polarization.

Half-wave (λ/2) plates are typically used as polarization rotators. Mounted on a rotation mount, a λ/2 wave plate can be used as a continuously adjustable polarization rotator, as shown below. Additionally, when used in conjunction with a Polarizing Beamsplitter a λ/2 wave plate can be used as a variable ratio beamsplitter.

The angle between the output polarization and the input polarization will be twice the angle between the input polarization and the wave plate’s axis (see diagram to the left). When the polarization of the input beam is directed along one of the axes of the wave plate, the polarization direction will remain unchanged.

Half-Wave Plate Mounted in RSP1X15 Rotation Mount

Quarter-Wave

A quarter-wave plate is designed such that the phase shift created between the fast and slow axes is a quarter wavelength (λ/4) or a multiple of λ/4. When applying a linearly polarized beam with the polarization plane aligned at 45° to the wave plate’s principal plane, the output beam will be circularly polarized (see image at left). Likewise, when applying a circularly polarized beam to a λ/4 wave plate the output beam will be linearly polarized. Quarter wave plates are used in Optical Isolators, Optical pumps, and EO modulators.

Laser Induced Damage Threshold Tutorial

This tutorial is a general overview of how laser induced damage thresholds are measured and how the values may be utilized in determining the appropriateness of an optic for a given application. When choosing optics, it is important to understand the Laser Induced Damage Threshold (LIDT) of the optics being used. The LIDT for an optic greatly depends on the type of laser you are using. Continuous wave (CW) lasers typically cause damage from thermal effects (absorption either in the coating or in the substrate). Pulsed lasers, on the other hand, often strip electrons from the lattice structure of an optic before causing thermal damage. Note that the guideline presented here assumes room temperature operation and optics in new condition (i.e., within scratch-dig spec, surface free of contamination, etc.).

Testing Method

Thorlabs' LIDT testing is done in compliance with ISO/DIS11254 specifications. A standard 1-on-1 testing regime is performed to test the damage threshold.

LIDT metallic mirror

The photograph above is a protected aluminum-coated mirror after LIDT testing. In this particular test, it handled 0.43 J/cm² (1064 nm, 10 ns pulse, 10 Hz, Ø1.000 mm) before damage.

First, a low-power/energy beam is directed to the optic under test. The optic is exposed in 10 locations to this laser beam for a set duration of time (CW) or number of pulses (prf specified). After exposure, the optic is examined by a microscope (~100X magnification) for any visible damage. The number of locations that are damaged at a particular power/energy level is recorded. Next, the power/energy is either increased or decreased and the optic is exposed at 10 new locations. This process is repeated until damage is observed. The damage threshold is then assigned to be the highest power/energy that the optic can withstand without causing damage. A histogram such as that below represents the testing of one BB1-E02 mirror.

Fluence	# of Tested Locations	Locations with Damage	Locations Without Damage
1.50 J/cm²	10	0	10
1.75 J/cm²	10	0	10
2.00 J/cm²	10	0	10
2.25 J/cm²	10	1	9
3.00 J/cm²	10	1	9
5.00 J/cm²	10	9	1

According to the test, the damage threshold of the mirror was 2.00 J/cm² (532 nm, 10 ns pulse, 10 Hz, Ø0.803 mm). Please keep in mind that it is only representative of one coating run and that Thorlabs' specified damage thresholds account for coating variances.

Continuous Wave and Long-Pulse Lasers

When an optic is damaged by a continuous wave (CW) laser, it is usually due to the melting of the surface as a result of absorbing the laser's energy or damage to the optical coating (antireflection) [1]. Pulsed lasers with pulse lengths longer than 1 µs can be treated as CW lasers for LIDT discussions. Additionally, when pulse lengths are between 1 ns and 1 µs, LIDT can occur either because of absorption or a dielectric breakdown (must check both CW and pulsed LIDT). Absorption is either due to an intrinsic property of the optic or due to surface irregularities; thus LIDT values are only valid for optics meeting or exceeding the surface quality specifications given by a manufacturer. While many optics can handle high power CW lasers, cemented (e.g., achromatic doublets) or highly absorptive (e.g., ND filters) optics tend to have lower CW damage thresholds. These lower thresholds are due to absorption or scattering in the cement or metal coating.

Linear Power Density Scaling

LIDT in linear power density vs. pulse length and spot size. For long pulses to CW, linear power density becomes a constant with spot size. This graph was obtained from [1].

Pulsed lasers with high pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) may behave similarly to CW beams. Unfortunately, this is highly dependent on factors such as absorption and thermal diffusivity, so there is no reliable method for determining when a high PRF laser will damage an optic due to thermal effects. For beams with a large PRF both the average and peak powers must be compared to the equivalent CW power. Additionally, for highly transparent materials, there is little to no drop in the LIDT with increasing PRF.

In order to use the specified CW damage threshold of an optic, it is necessary to know the following:

Wavelength of your laser
Linear power density of your beam (total power divided by 1/e² spot size)
Beam diameter of your beam (1/e²)
Approximate intensity profile of your beam (e.g., Gaussian)

The power density of your beam should be calculated in terms of W/cm. The graph to the right shows why the linear power density provides the best metric for long pulse and CW sources. Under these conditions, linear power density scales independently of spot size; one does not need to compute an adjusted LIDT to adjust for changes in spot size. This calculation assumes a uniform beam intensity profile. You must now consider hotspots in the beam or other nonuniform intensity profiles and roughly calculate a maximum power density. For reference, a Gaussian beam typically has a maximum power density that is twice that of the 1/e² beam (see lower right).

Now compare the maximum power density to that which is specified as the LIDT for the optic. If the optic was tested at a wavelength other than your operating wavelength, the damage threshold must be scaled appropriately. A good rule of thumb is that the damage threshold has a linear relationship with wavelength such that as you move to shorter wavelengths, the damage threshold decreases (i.e., a LIDT of 10 W/cm at 1310 nm scales to 5 W/cm at 655 nm). While this rule of thumb provides a general trend, it is not a quantitative analysis of LIDT vs wavelength. In CW applications, for instance, damage scales more strongly with absorption in the coating and substrate, which does not necessarily scale well with wavelength. While the above procedure provides a good rule of thumb for LIDT values, please contact Tech Support if your wavelength is different from the specified LIDT wavelength. If your power density is less than the adjusted LIDT of the optic, then the optic should work for your application.

Please note that we have a buffer built in between the specified damage thresholds online and the tests which we have done, which accommodates variation between batches. Upon request, we can provide individual test information and a testing certificate. The damage analysis will be carried out on a similar optic (customer's optic will not be damaged). Testing may result in additional costs or lead times. Contact Tech Support for more information.

Pulsed Lasers

As previously stated, pulsed lasers typically induce a different type of damage to the optic than CW lasers. Pulsed lasers often do not heat the optic enough to damage it; instead, pulsed lasers produce strong electric fields capable of inducing dielectric breakdown in the material. Unfortunately, it can be very difficult to compare the LIDT specification of an optic to your laser. There are multiple regimes in which a pulsed laser can damage an optic and this is based on the laser's pulse length. The highlighted columns in the table below outline the pulse lengths that our specified LIDT values are relevant for.

Pulses shorter than 10^-11 s cannot be compared to our specified LIDT values with much reliability. In this ultra-short-pulse regime various mechanics, such as multiphoton-avalanche ionization, take over as the predominate damage mechanism [2]. In contrast, pulses between 10^-9 s and 10^-6 s may cause damage to an optic either because of dielectric breakdown or thermal effects. This means that both CW and pulsed damage thresholds must be compared to the laser beam to determine whether the optic is suitable for your application.

Pulse Duration	t < 10^-11 s	10^-11 < t < 10^-9 s	10^-9 < t < 10^-6 s	t > 10^-6 s
Damage Mechanism	Avalanche Ionization	Dielectric Breakdown	Dielectric Breakdown or Thermal	Thermal
Relevant Damage Specification	N/A	Pulsed	Pulsed and CW	CW

When comparing an LIDT specified for a pulsed laser to your laser, it is essential to know the following:

Energy Density Scaling

LIDT in energy density vs. pulse length and spot size. For short pulses, energy density becomes a constant with spot size. This graph was obtained from [1].

Wavelength of your laser
Energy density of your beam (total energy divided by 1/e² area)
Pulse length of your laser
Pulse repetition frequency (prf) of your laser
Beam diameter of your laser (1/e² )
Approximate intensity profile of your beam (e.g., Gaussian)

The energy density of your beam should be calculated in terms of J/cm². The graph to the right shows why the energy density provides the best metric for short pulse sources. Under these conditions, energy density scales independently of spot size, one does not need to compute an adjusted LIDT to adjust for changes in spot size. This calculation assumes a uniform beam intensity profile. You must now adjust this energy density to account for hotspots or other nonuniform intensity profiles and roughly calculate a maximum energy density. For reference a Gaussian beam typically has a maximum power density that is twice that of the 1/e² beam.

Now compare the maximum energy density to that which is specified as the LIDT for the optic. If the optic was tested at a wavelength other than your operating wavelength, the damage threshold must be scaled appropriately [3]. A good rule of thumb is that the damage threshold has an inverse square root relationship with wavelength such that as you move to shorter wavelengths, the damage threshold decreases (i.e., a LIDT of 1 J/cm² at 1064 nm scales to 0.7 J/cm² at 532 nm):

Pulse Wavelength Scaling

You now have a wavelength-adjusted energy density, which you will use in the following step.

Beam diameter is also important to know when comparing damage thresholds. While the LIDT, when expressed in units of J/cm², scales independently of spot size; large beam sizes are more likely to illuminate a larger number of defects which can lead to greater variances in the LIDT [4]. For data presented here, a <1 mm beam size was used to measure the LIDT. For beams sizes greater than 5 mm, the LIDT (J/cm²) will not scale independently of beam diameter due to the larger size beam exposing more defects.

The pulse length must now be compensated for. The longer the pulse duration, the more energy the optic can handle. For pulse widths between 1 - 100 ns, an approximation is as follows:

Pulse Length Scaling

Use this formula to calculate the Adjusted LIDT for an optic based on your pulse length. If your maximum energy density is less than this adjusted LIDT maximum energy density, then the optic should be suitable for your application. Keep in mind that this calculation is only used for pulses between 10^-11 s and 10^-9 s. For pulses between 10^-9 s and 10^-6 s, the CW LIDT must also be checked before deeming the optic appropriate for your application.

[1] R. M. Wood, Optics and Laser Tech. 29, 517 (1997).
[2] Roger M. Wood, Laser-Induced Damage of Optical Materials (Institute of Physics Publishing, Philadelphia, PA, 2003).
[3] C. W. Carr et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 127402 (2003).
[4] N. Bloembergen, Appl. Opt. 12, 661 (1973).

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Posted Comments:

Poster: jlow

Posted Date: 2012-12-20 11:29:00.0

Response from Jeremy at Thorlabs: We will get in touch with you directly to provide the dimensions you need.

Poster: zoltan.karpati

Posted Date: 2012-12-12 03:34:11.437

In the description it is written that you crate the QWPs by combining two quartz crystal layers (rotated by 90degree). Coul you tell me the thickness of each layer? We need this info for the zero order QWP designed @633nm and for simulation purposes.

Poster: tcohen

Posted Date: 2012-09-04 12:30:00.0

Response from Tim at Thorlabs: We can provide custom waveplates. I see that you didn’t leave your contact information for us to reach you. If you would like to pursue a custom, please contact us at techsupport@thorlabs.com for direct assistance.

Poster:

Posted Date: 2012-09-03 06:28:31.0

Hello, Can you also provide half-wave plates with for a custom wavelength (for example 561 nm)? Thanks.

Poster: bdada

Posted Date: 2012-03-15 17:40:00.0

Response from Buki at Thorlabs to scotth: Thank you for your feedback. The fast axis is marked on the unmounted waveplate.

Poster: scotth

Posted Date: 2012-03-13 14:13:46.0

Is the fast axis of the quarter wave plate marked on the glass? We plan on unmounting the the waveplate.

Poster: tcohen

Posted Date: 2012-03-07 10:06:00.0

Response from Tim at Thorlabs: Thank you for your feedback. The thickness of the 1550nm Z plate is 913.4um and the thickness of the 1550nm H plate is 1004.8um. The material is Crystal Quartz which at 1550nm will have ne=1.53596 and no=1.52761.

Poster: chenghc

Posted Date: 2012-03-06 22:29:47.0

Dear sir: I bought a WPH (WPH05M-1550). I need to know the thickness, refrective index (ne and no) of this waveplate in my experiment. May you provide these parameters? Many thsnks for you help. Fox

Poster: ryantang

Posted Date: 2011-04-15 17:50:02.0

actually, i wish to know, i have a laser of 514nm with power 25W on 0.5cmX0.5cm spot size. can your half waveplate stand for it?? thank you very much!!

Poster: jjurado

Posted Date: 2011-04-15 17:31:00.0

Response from Javier at Thorlabs to ryantang: Thank you very much for contacting us with your request. Although we have not tested the CW damage threshold of our mounted zero-order waveplates, we can say with confidence that they can withstand the intensity of your laser (100W/cm^2). The substrate material, crystalline quartz, performs very well at relatively high intensities, and the air-spaced design of the waveplates minimizes the potential for damage due to thermal effects.

Poster: apalmentieri

Posted Date: 2010-01-12 15:19:36.0

A response from Adam at Thorlabs to Paul: I have spoken with our optics division about this change and they agreed that it is a necessary. We will update our drawings and make the necessary changes.

Poster: paulshamilton

Posted Date: 2010-01-12 13:45:16.0

It would be nice if, in the future, the mounting can specify whether a waveplate is zero order or multi-order. I use both and it is easy to mix them up if I forget to mark them myself.

Poster: apalmentieri

Posted Date: 2010-01-04 15:21:22.0

A response from Adam at Thorlabs: As stated in your response, we do not recommend that customers cut our waveplates themsleves or coat them in resin. If you do intend to cut the waveplate, we would not recommend using the zero order waveplate since they are made of two plates separated by a spacer. In regards to the acetone, it should not be an issue and will not damage the waveplate. We havent done any temperature testing on the waveplates, and here, a zero-order plate would be preferable to a multi-order plate, since zero-orders have less temperature dependence on retardance. As for temperature limits, the epoxy we use on the zero order waveplates has an upper bound of 200 degrees C, and although quartz wont have melting/plasticity issues there, Id stop using multi-orders before that, due to high retardance variation with changes in temperature. As for strain, I would really like to emphasize that strain/tension/stress are going to have negative effects on the optical properties of these plates, and for that to be avoided if at all possible.

Poster: pebacope

Posted Date: 2010-01-04 11:02:55.0

I need to insert one of your waveplates (WPQ05M-633) in resin and then cut it in half. I understand this is not officially recomended and accept all the risks involved. However, in order to determine the best prcedure, I must know the following: 1) Will acetone damage any component of the waveplate in any way? 2) What temperatures can the it safely withstand? 3) How much tension can it withstand without degrading its optical properties? Thank you.

Poster: apalmentieri

Posted Date: 2009-10-22 10:14:13.0

A response from Adam at Thorlabs: Jorge, I would like to get more information before we determine if your waveplate is defective. Based on your description, when you rotate the last polarizer the varies anywhere between 40uW and 1500uW. I would like to get more information about how you are measuring this variation and the position of the fast axis with relation to the polarized beam. I will send you an email shortly.

Poster: jorge.bordello

Posted Date: 2009-10-22 06:37:26.0

I insert a quarter-wave plate (WPQ05M-405) between the laser and the polarizer (oriented for extinction). When I rotate the wave plate around the beam axis I observe that the light passing through the polarizer is maximum when the incident plane-polarized light is orientated at 45° to the fast axis, and minimum when it is the slow axis which is orientated at 45° (the variation in power goes from 40 to 80 uW) With the quarter-wave plate at any of these positions (or any other), the intensity of light passing through the polarizer still varies strongly by rotating the polarizer (from 40 to 1500uW !!) Is my wave plate defective or am I doing st. wrong?

Poster: apalmentieri

Posted Date: 2009-08-25 15:18:38.0

A response from Adam at Thorlabs to pebacope: The small flat area on one edge marks the fast axis of the plate.

Poster: pebacope

Posted Date: 2009-08-24 14:40:47.0

I have unmounted one of your half-wave plates and must now determine which is the fast axis. I have noticed a small flat area on one edge, which I assume is a mark that you made to facilitate just this determination. Does this flat area represent the FAST or SLOW axis of the plate?

Poster: Laurie

Posted Date: 2008-08-25 11:34:19.0

Response from Laurie at Thorlabs to peter.rodrigo: I have turned your inquiry over to our technical support staff, and someone should be contacting you shortly with a response, including pricing. However, for general information, Thorlabs is able to provide a double-sided V-coat at 1550 nm with a reflectivity of ~0.15%, which is slightly higher than that stated in your inquiry.

Poster: peter.rodrigo

Posted Date: 2008-08-21 05:40:47.0

Im very interested in your zero-order quarter waveplate WPQ05M-1550. However, I would like it to have AR coatings on both sides with <0.1% reflectivities at 1550nm (+-5nm), in fact <0.05% would be better (the coating C you use is <0.25%). Is this a possibility, and what would be the price and lead time for 1 piece?

Poster: acable

Posted Date: 2008-08-15 13:34:50.0

What is the clear aperture, also what is the thickness of the mount. Would be nice to have more complete high level data on the Overview tab. Basic dimensions along with optical erpformance, the depth of the presentation is great but having to click all around to piece together the Overview is a bit time consuming.

Poster: Tyler

Posted Date: 2008-06-03 10:32:36.0

A response from Tyler at Thorlabs: The clear aperture of the 532 nm half waveplate is 0.38" (9.6 mm) in diameter. The CA for the other waveplates on this page can be found by looking at the .pdf or .dxf drawings of the waveplates found under the "Drawings & Documents" tab.

Poster:

Posted Date: 2008-06-03 03:33:06.0

what is the size of clear aperture for 532 nm half waveplate?

Poster: technicalmarketing

Posted Date: 2007-09-26 17:07:50.0

Yes, the WPQ05M-780 is indeed AR coated for 780 nm, leading to a reflectivity of <0.25%.

Poster: melsscal

Posted Date: 2007-09-26 02:13:22.0

Dear SamR, 1.Can you please confirm whether the follwoing parti.e. a Zero Order Mounted Qtr.Waveplate is AR coated : WPQ05M-780 - WEIGHT(Total): 0.06 lbs Quarter Waveplate, AR Coated 780nm Regards A.K.Bose MELSS ,KOLKATA/INDIA

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